Issue Brief
The Cost of Debt in a Time of Overlapping Crises
Developing countries face escalating debt burdens, higher borrowing costs, and climate pressures, highlighting the need for systemic reform.
Apr 15, 2026
Issue Brief
Developing countries face escalating debt burdens, higher borrowing costs, and climate pressures, highlighting the need for systemic reform.
Apr 15, 2026
Article
Jun 12, 2026
Article
Jan 22, 2026
Article
Dec 19, 2025
Report
Oct 14, 2025
Report
Explore the research on IMF surcharges and their effects on payment systems, banking, and public economics.
Article
IMF reviewing surcharge policy: why surcharges are counterproductive, unfair, and unnecessary. Learn more about the push to end surcharges.
Article
Uncover the truth about IMF surcharges. Find out why this policy has been criticized as regressive and counterproductive.
Press Release
External debt challenges affecting almost 80 countries continue to hamper global efforts to address the climate crisis.
Report
Explore the relationship between climate change and debt in developing countries. Understand how rising debt costs are adding to their vulnerabilities.
Article • Ecuador News Round-Up
Find out how Ecuadorians voted in the referendum, rejecting ISDS and approving measures to increase security and combat crime.
Report
This paper presents an estimate of IMF surcharges updated as of February 2024. It shows that 22 countries are now subject to surcharges, a net increase of 6 since our 2023 estimate.
Article • Ecuador News Round-Up
There is no doubt that Noboa’s rhetoric and security measures bear a strong resemblance to President Nayib Bukele’s approach to insecurity in El Salvador.
Article
The IMF is considered a “super-senior” creditor for developing countries, but it is now charging over 8 percent for disbursements to its most indebted borrowers, due in part to surcharges.
Article
The IMF’s own data supports widespread concerns that the surcharge policy presents a tremendous burden on heavily indebted countries, which is only growing.